Hiddenite, Orthoclase, Quartz and Apatite
| ID | 580 | |
|---|---|---|
| Mineral |
Hiddenite
Orthoclase Quartz Apatite |
|
| Location | Paprok - Nuristan - Afghanistan | |
| Fluorescence | LW-UV: close SW-UV: close |
|
| Mindat.org |
View Hiddenite information at mindat.org View Orthoclase information at mindat.org View Quartz information at mindat.org View Apatite information at mindat.org |
|
Mindat data
| ID | 7740 |
|---|---|
| Long ID | 1:1:7740:4 |
| IMA Status |
0 1 |
| Variety of | 3733 |
| Entry type | 2 |
| Description | Hiddenite was not originally defined by Kunz as has been sometimes claimed. Smith (1881) did state: "I have employed all the necessary care in examining for chromium, but have found no indication of its presence." Smith tried to verify the presence of ... |
| Colour | Green |
| Hardness (min) | 6.5 |
| Hardness (max) | 7.0 |
| Lustre | Vitreous |
| About the name | Named in 1881 by Joseph Lawrence Smith in honor of William Earl Hidden [February 16, 1853 Providence Rhode Island, USA - June 12, 1918 Newark, New Jersey, USA], mining engineer, mineral collector, and mineral dealer. Hidden was co-namer of mackintoshite in 1893. The town of Hiddenite was named after the mineral variety in 1913. |
| Crystal System | Monoclinic |
| ID | 3026 |
|---|---|
| Long ID | 1:1:3026:3 |
| Formula |
K(AlSi3O8)
|
| IMA Status |
0 1 |
| Other Occurrences | Common feldspar of high-temperature granites, syenites, high-grade metamorphic rocks, and some felsic extrusive rocks, eg some rhyolites (although these tend to contain sanidine when fresh). |
| Industrial | Ceramics, abrasives, crushed stone, decorative facing in slabbed rock panels, gem materials |
| Discovery Year | 1823 |
| Diapheny | Transparent,Translucent |
| Cleavage | Perfect on {001}, good on {010} |
| Tenacity | brittle |
| Colour | Colorless to white, Greenish white, Grayish yellow, Pale pink |
| Hardness (min) | 6.0 |
| Hardness (max) | 6.0 |
| About the name | Named "orthose" in 1801 by Rene Just Haüy from the Greek orthos - "right" in allusion to the mineral's right angle of good cleavage. The sense of Haüy's name was that the mineral was a feldspar, but he did not specify a type-locality, nor did Haüy give a chemical analysis. The name was changed in 1823 to orthoklas by Johann Friedrich August Breithaupt. |
| Streak | White |
| Crystal System | Monoclinic |
| Cleavage Type | Perfect |
| Fracture type | Irregular/Uneven,Conchoidal |
| Morphology | Short prismatic |
| Twinning | Common as Carlsbad, Baveno and Manebach. |
| UV | May fluoresce dull white or red in SW UV |
| Comment Luster | Slightly pearly on cleavage |
| shortcode_ima | Or |
| Group | K Feldspar |
| ID | 3337 |
|---|---|
| Long ID | 1:1:3337:0 |
| Formula |
SiO2
|
| IMA Status |
0 1 |
| Other Occurrences | Most of them... |
| Industrial | Ore for silicon, glassmaking, frequency standards, optical instruments, silica source for concrete setting, filtering agents as sand. A major component of sand. |
| Diapheny | Transparent,Translucent |
| Cleavage |
The rhombohedral cleavage r |
| Tenacity | brittle |
| Colour | Colorless, purple, rose, red, black, yellow, brown, green, blue, orange, etc. |
| Hardness (min) | 7.0 |
| Hardness (max) | 7.0 |
| Luminescence | Triboluminescent |
| Lustre | Vitreous |
| About the name | Quartz has been known and appreciated since pre-historic times. The most ancient name known is recorded by Theophrastus in about 300-325 BCE, κρύσταλλος or kristallos. The varietal names, rock crystal and Bergkristall (German), preserve the ancient usage. The root words κρύοσ signifying ice cold and στέλλειυ to contract (or solidify) suggest the ancient belief that kristallos was permanently solidified ice. The earliest printed use of "querz" was anonymously published in 1505, but attributed to a physician in Freiberg, Germany, Ulrich Rülein von Kalbe (a.k.a. Rülein von Calw, 1527). Agricola used the spelling "quarzum" (Agricola 1530) as well as "querze", but Agricola also referred to "crystallum", "silicum", "silex", and silice". Tomkeieff (1941) suggested an etymology for quartz: "The Saxon miners called large veins - Gänge, and the small cross veins or stringers - Querklüfte. The name ore (Erz, Ertz) was applied to the metallic minerals, the gangue or to the vein material as a whole. In the Erzgebirge, silver ore is frequently found in small cross veins composed of silica. It may be that this ore was called by the Saxon miners 'Querkluftertz' or the cross-vein-ore. Such a clumsy word as 'Querkluftertz' could easily be condensed to 'Querertz' and then to 'Quertz', and eventually become 'Quarz' in German, 'quarzum' in Latin and 'quartz' in English." Tomkeieff (1941, q.v.) noted that "quarz", in its various spellings, was not used by other noted contemporary authors. "Quarz" was used in later literature referring to the Saxony mining district, but seldom elsewhere. Gradually, there were more references to quartz: E. Brown in 1685 and Johan Gottschalk Wallerius in 1747. In 1669, Nicolaus Steno (Niels Steensen) obliquely formulated the concept of the constancy of interfacial angles in the caption of an illustration of quartz crystals. He referred to them as "cristallus" and "crystallus montium". Tomkeieff (1941) also noted that Erasmus Bartholinus (1669) used the various spellings for "crystal" to signify other species than quartz and that crystal could refer to other "angulata corpora" (bodies with angles): "In any case in the second half of the XVIIIth century quartz became established as a name of a particular mineral and the name crystal became a generic term synonymous with the old term 'corpus angulatum'." |
| Streak | White |
| Crystal System | Trigonal |
| Cleavage Type | Poor/Indistinct |
| Fracture type | Conchoidal |
| Twinning | Dauphiné law. Brazil law. Japan law. Others for beta-quartz... |
| Thermal Behaviour | Transforms to beta-quartz at 573° C and 1 bar (100 kPa) pressure. |
| shortcode_ima | Qz |
| ID | 1992 |
|---|---|
| Long ID | 1:1:1992:3 |
| Formula |
Ca5(PO4)3OH
|
| IMA Status |
0 1 |
| General Appearance | Concretions resembling chalcedony. |
| Occurrence | Originally found in fracture fillings in an argillaceous schist (St. Girons, France). |
| Other Occurrences | Abundant in sedimentary phosphate beds. Occasionally found in Talc-schist; in diallage-serpentine rock. May be be found in late-stage phosphate mineralization in granite pegmatites, |
| Industrial | Ore of phosphorus. |
| Discovery Year | 1856 |
| Diapheny | Transparent,Translucent,Opaque |
| Cleavage |
Poor on {0001) and on {10 |
| Tenacity | brittle |
| Colour | White, grey, yellow, green, violet, purple, red or brown |
| Hardness (min) | 5.0 |
| Hardness (max) | 5.0 |
| Lustre | Vitreous |
| About the name | Named hydro-apatite in 1856 by Augustin Alexis Damour from the ἀπατάω (apatao), to deceive as Apatite was often confused with other minerals (e.g. Beryl, Milarite), plus the "hydro-" prefix for the water-rich (as hydroxyl) nature of the mineral. Waldemar Schaller changed the name slightly to hydroxyl-apatite in 1912 and the one-word, hydroxylapatit, was introduced by Burri, Jakob, Parker, and Hugo Strunz in 1935. Additional names applied to this mineral include: pyroclasite, ornithite, monite, etc. Much "carbonate-apatite" is hydroxylapatite, including some dahllite, collophane, etc. |
| Streak | White |
| Crystal System | Hexagonal |
| Cleavage Type | Poor/Indistinct |
| Fracture type | Conchoidal,Sub-Conchoidal,Fibrous |
| Morphology |
Crystals short to long hexagonal prisms [0001], with |
| Twinning |
Rare contact twins on |
| UV | Not usually fluorescent. |
| shortcode_ima | Hap |
| Group | Apatite Group |
Details
MinID: PFD-5FQ
Price: € 395
Dimensions: Not registered
Weight: Not registered
Visibile in overview:
Notes:
| Symbol | Element | |
|---|---|---|
| Al | Aluminium | |
| Ca | Calcium | |
| H | Hydrogen | |
| K | Potassium | |
| Li | Lithium | |
| O | Oxygen | |
| P | Phosphorus |
|
| Si | Silicium |