Topaz, Schorl, Quartz and Albite
| ID | 492 | |
|---|---|---|
| Mineral |
Topaz
Schorl Quartz Albite |
|
| Location | Gilgit-Baltistan - Pakistan | |
| Fluorescence | LW-UV: close SW-UV: close |
|
| Mindat.org |
View Topaz information at mindat.org View Schorl information at mindat.org View Quartz information at mindat.org View Albite information at mindat.org |
|
Mindat data
| ID | 3996 |
|---|---|
| Long ID | 1:1:3996:9 |
| Formula |
Al2SiO4F2
|
| IMA Status |
0 1 |
| Occurrence | Saxony |
| Other Occurrences | As a rock-forming mineral in igneous rocks, pegmatites, and rhyolites, hydrothermal veins, metamorphic rocks, and greisens. |
| Industrial | Gemstone |
| Discovery Year | 1737 |
| Diapheny | Transparent,Translucent |
| Cleavage | (001) |
| Tenacity | brittle |
| Colour | Colourless, white, pale blue, light green, yellow, yellowish brown, or red |
| Hardness (min) | 8.0 |
| Hardness (max) | 8.0 |
| Luminescence | Fluorescent, Short UV=golden yellow, Long UV=cream. |
| Lustre | Vitreous |
| About the name | Named after Topasos Island in the Red Sea. In antique times, the name was probably used for the gemstone that is now known as Peridot. |
| Streak | White |
| Crystal System | Orthorhombic |
| Cleavage Type | Perfect |
| Fracture type | Irregular/Uneven,Sub-Conchoidal |
| Morphology | Long to short prismatic. |
| UV | Rarely yellow, white, orange, greenish-yellow |
| shortcode_ima | Tpz |
| ID | 3578 |
|---|---|
| Long ID | 1:1:3578:7 |
| Formula |
NaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
|
| IMA Status |
0 1 |
| Occurrence | In placers. |
| Other Occurrences | In granites and granitic pegmatites, high temperature hydrothermal veins, metamorphic rocks. |
| Discovery Year | 1505 |
| Diapheny | Translucent,Opaque |
| Cleavage |
Very poor on |
| Tenacity | brittle |
| Colour | Bluish-black to black, sometimes brownish-black, rarely greenish-black. |
| Hardness (min) | 7.0 |
| Hardness (max) | 7.0 |
| Luminescence | Nonfluorescent. |
| Lustre | Vitreous to oily, dull. |
| About the name | The early history of the mineral schorl shows that the name "Schorl" was in use prior to the year 1400 (AD) because a village known today as Zschorlau (in Saxony, Germany) was then named "Schorl" (or minor variants of this name). This village had a nearby tin mine where, in addition to cassiterite, a lot of black tourmaline was found. First mentioned by Ulrich Rülein von Calw 1505. The first relatively detailed description of schorl with the name "schürl" and its occurrence (various tin mines in the Saxony Ore Mountains) was written by Johannes Mathesius (1504-1565) in 1562 under the title "Sarepta oder Bergpostill". Up to about 1600, additional names used in the German language were "Schurel", "Schörle", and "Schurl". From the 18th century on, the name "Schörl" was mainly used in the German-speaking area. In English, the names "shorl" and "shirl" were used in the 18th century for schorl. In the 19th century the names "common schorl", "schörl", "schorl" and "iron tourmaline" were used in the Anglo-Saxon area (Ertl, 2006). |
| Streak | Greyish-white to bluish-white. |
| Crystal System | Trigonal |
| Cleavage Type | Poor/Indistinct |
| Fracture type | Irregular/Uneven,Sub-Conchoidal |
| Morphology | Prismatic to acicular. |
| Twinning |
|
| Publication Year | 1524 |
| key_elements |
0 |
| shortcode_ima | Srl |
| Group | Tourmaline |
| ID | 3337 |
|---|---|
| Long ID | 1:1:3337:0 |
| Formula |
SiO2
|
| IMA Status |
0 1 |
| Other Occurrences | Most of them... |
| Industrial | Ore for silicon, glassmaking, frequency standards, optical instruments, silica source for concrete setting, filtering agents as sand. A major component of sand. |
| Diapheny | Transparent,Translucent |
| Cleavage |
The rhombohedral cleavage r |
| Tenacity | brittle |
| Colour | Colorless, purple, rose, red, black, yellow, brown, green, blue, orange, etc. |
| Hardness (min) | 7.0 |
| Hardness (max) | 7.0 |
| Luminescence | Triboluminescent |
| Lustre | Vitreous |
| About the name | Quartz has been known and appreciated since pre-historic times. The most ancient name known is recorded by Theophrastus in about 300-325 BCE, κρύσταλλος or kristallos. The varietal names, rock crystal and bergcrystal, preserve the ancient usage. The root words κρύοσ signifying ice cold and στέλλειυ to contract (or solidify) suggest the ancient belief that kristallos was permanently solidified ice. The earliest printed use of "querz" was anonymously published in 1505, but attributed to a physician in Freiberg, Germany, Ulrich Rülein von Kalbe (a.k.a. Rülein von Calw, 1527). Agricola used the spelling "quarzum" (Agricola 1530) as well as "querze", but Agricola also referred to "crystallum", "silicum", "silex", and silice". Tomkeieff (1941) suggested an etymology for quartz: "The Saxon miners called large veins - Gänge, and the small cross veins or stringers - Querklüfte. The name ore (Erz, Ertz) was applied to the metallic minerals, the gangue or to the vein material as a whole. In the Erzgebirge, silver ore is frequently found in small cross veins composed of silica. It may be that this ore was called by the Saxon miners 'Querkluftertz' or the cross-vein-ore. Such a clumsy word as 'Querkluftertz' could easily be condensed to 'Querertz' and then to 'Quertz', and eventually become 'Quarz' in German, 'quarzum' in Latin and 'quartz' in English." Tomkeieff (1941, q.v.) noted that "quarz", in its various spellings, was not used by other noted contemporary authors. "Quarz" was used in later literature referring to the Saxony mining district, but seldom elsewhere. Gradually, there were more references to quartz: E. Brown in 1685 and Johan Gottschalk Wallerius in 1747. In 1669, Nicolaus Steno (Niels Steensen) obliquely formulated the concept of the constancy of interfacial angles in the caption of an illustration of quartz crystals. He referred to them as "cristallus" and "crystallus montium". Tomkeieff (1941) also noted that Erasmus Bartholinus (1669) used the various spellings for "crystal" to signify other species than quartz and that crystal could refer to other "angulata corpora" (bodies with angles): "In any case in the second half of the XVIIIth century quartz became established as a name of a particular mineral and the name crystal became a generic term synonymous with the old term 'corpus angulatum'." |
| Streak | White |
| Crystal System | Trigonal |
| Cleavage Type | Poor/Indistinct |
| Fracture type | Conchoidal |
| Twinning | Dauphiné law. Brazil law. Japan law. Others for beta-quartz... |
| Thermal Behaviour | Transforms to beta-quartz at 573° C and 1 bar (100 kPa) pressure. |
| shortcode_ima | Qz |
| ID | 96 |
|---|---|
| Long ID | 1:1:96:9 |
| Formula |
Na(AlSi3O8)
|
| IMA Status |
0 1 |
| Other Occurrences | A major constituent of granites and granite pegmatites, alkalic diorites, basalts, and in hydrothermal and alpine veins. A product of potassium metasomatism and in low-temperature and low-pressure metamorphic facies and in some schists. Detrital and authigenic in sedimentary rocks. |
| Discovery Year | 1815 |
| Diapheny | Transparent,Translucent,Opaque |
| Cleavage | on [001], good on [010], imperfect on {110} |
| Tenacity | brittle |
| Colour | White to gray or colorless, uncommonly blue tinted or rarely green or red tinted, while much included albite may be strongly colored.. |
| Hardness (min) | 6.0 |
| Hardness (max) | 6.5 |
| Lustre | Vitreous, pearly |
| About the name | Named in 1815 by Johan Gottlieb Gahn and Jöns Jacob Berzelius from Latin "albus", white, alluding to its usual color. |
| Streak | White |
| Crystal System | Triclinic |
| Cleavage Type | Perfect |
| Fracture type | Irregular/Uneven,Conchoidal |
| Morphology |
Crystals commonly tabular parallel |
| Twinning |
Common around |
| Comment Luster | Pearly on cleavages |
| shortcode_ima | Ab |
| Group | Plagioclase |
Details
Price: € 45
Dimensions: Not registered
Weight: Not registered
Visibile in overview:
Notes:
None
| Symbol | Element | |
|---|---|---|
| Al | Aluminium | |
| B | Boron | |
| F | Fluorine |
|
| Fe | Iron | |
| H | Hydrogen | |
| Na | Sodium | |
| O | Oxygen | |
| Si | Silicium |