Okenite, Gyrolite and Quartz
| ID | 91 | |
|---|---|---|
| Mineral |
Okenite
Gyrolite Quartz |
|
| Location | Poona - Maharashtra - India | |
| Fluorescence | LW-UV: close SW-UV: close |
|
| Mindat.org |
View Okenite information at mindat.org View Gyrolite information at mindat.org View Quartz information at mindat.org |
|
Mindat data
| ID | 2967 |
|---|---|
| Long ID | 1:1:2967:0 |
| Formula |
Ca10Si18O46 · 18H2O
|
| IMA Status |
0 1 |
| Other Occurrences | Amygdules in basalts |
| Discovery Year | 1828 |
| Diapheny | Transparent,Translucent |
| Cleavage | on {001} |
| Tenacity | elastic |
| Colour | White to slightly yellow, blue |
| Hardness (min) | 4.5 |
| Hardness (max) | 5.0 |
| About the name | Named in 1828 in honor of the German biologist Lorenz Oken (Lorenz Ocken) (August 1, 1779, Bohlsbach (now part of Offenburg), Ortenau, Baden, Germany - August 11, 1851, Zurich, Switzerland), professor at University of Munich, Germany and later professor at University of Zürich, Switzerland. The original name, ockenite, was later shortened to okenite. On September 11, 1802, "Lorenz Oken came up with a new system of animal classification that demonstrated the path of evolution." (From Cell Theory Timeline, http://www.timetoast.com/timelines/71438) In 1805, Oken was the first to recognize the significance of biological cell structure: "All living organisms originate from and consist of cells" (Lefalophodon: Welcome to NCEAS | NCEAS. Web. 04 Oct. 2011.) His full birth-name was Lorenz Okenfuss. |
| Streak | White |
| Crystal System | Triclinic |
| Cleavage Type | Perfect |
| Morphology | Bladed crystals to laths. Commonly as fibers. |
| Twinning | About [010], composition plane {102}, lamellar |
| Thermal Behaviour | Heated in a closed tube, yields water. Before the blowpipe, becomes opaque and white and fuses to a glass. |
| Publication Year | 1828 |
| shortcode_ima | Oke |
| ID | 1785 |
|---|---|
| Long ID | 1:1:1785:1 |
| Formula |
NaCa16(Si23Al)O60(OH)8 · 14H2O
|
| IMA Status |
0 1 |
| Other Occurrences | Hydrothermally altered basalt and basaltic tuffs |
| Discovery Year | 1851 |
| Diapheny | Transparent,Translucent |
| Tenacity | brittle |
| Colour | Brown, Colorless, White, Green |
| Hardness (min) | 2.5 |
| Hardness (max) | 2.5 |
| About the name | From the Greek guros = "circle", in allusion to the round form of the crystalline groupings |
| Streak | White |
| Crystal System | Triclinic |
| Cleavage Type | Perfect |
| Fracture type | Irregular/Uneven |
| Publication Year | 1851 |
| shortcode_ima | Gyr |
| Group | Gyrolite Group |
| ID | 3337 |
|---|---|
| Long ID | 1:1:3337:0 |
| Formula |
SiO2
|
| IMA Status |
0 1 |
| Other Occurrences | Most of them... |
| Industrial | Ore for silicon, glassmaking, frequency standards, optical instruments, silica source for concrete setting, filtering agents as sand. A major component of sand. |
| Diapheny | Transparent,Translucent |
| Cleavage |
The rhombohedral cleavage r |
| Tenacity | brittle |
| Colour | Colorless, purple, rose, red, black, yellow, brown, green, blue, orange, etc. |
| Hardness (min) | 7.0 |
| Hardness (max) | 7.0 |
| Luminescence | Triboluminescent |
| Lustre | Vitreous |
| About the name | Quartz has been known and appreciated since pre-historic times. The most ancient name known is recorded by Theophrastus in about 300-325 BCE, κρύσταλλος or kristallos. The varietal names, rock crystal and bergcrystal, preserve the ancient usage. The root words κρύοσ signifying ice cold and στέλλειυ to contract (or solidify) suggest the ancient belief that kristallos was permanently solidified ice. The earliest printed use of "querz" was anonymously published in 1505, but attributed to a physician in Freiberg, Germany, Ulrich Rülein von Kalbe (a.k.a. Rülein von Calw, 1527). Agricola used the spelling "quarzum" (Agricola 1530) as well as "querze", but Agricola also referred to "crystallum", "silicum", "silex", and silice". Tomkeieff (1941) suggested an etymology for quartz: "The Saxon miners called large veins - Gänge, and the small cross veins or stringers - Querklüfte. The name ore (Erz, Ertz) was applied to the metallic minerals, the gangue or to the vein material as a whole. In the Erzgebirge, silver ore is frequently found in small cross veins composed of silica. It may be that this ore was called by the Saxon miners 'Querkluftertz' or the cross-vein-ore. Such a clumsy word as 'Querkluftertz' could easily be condensed to 'Querertz' and then to 'Quertz', and eventually become 'Quarz' in German, 'quarzum' in Latin and 'quartz' in English." Tomkeieff (1941, q.v.) noted that "quarz", in its various spellings, was not used by other noted contemporary authors. "Quarz" was used in later literature referring to the Saxony mining district, but seldom elsewhere. Gradually, there were more references to quartz: E. Brown in 1685 and Johan Gottschalk Wallerius in 1747. In 1669, Nicolaus Steno (Niels Steensen) obliquely formulated the concept of the constancy of interfacial angles in the caption of an illustration of quartz crystals. He referred to them as "cristallus" and "crystallus montium". Tomkeieff (1941) also noted that Erasmus Bartholinus (1669) used the various spellings for "crystal" to signify other species than quartz and that crystal could refer to other "angulata corpora" (bodies with angles): "In any case in the second half of the XVIIIth century quartz became established as a name of a particular mineral and the name crystal became a generic term synonymous with the old term 'corpus angulatum'." |
| Streak | White |
| Crystal System | Trigonal |
| Cleavage Type | Poor/Indistinct |
| Fracture type | Conchoidal |
| Twinning | Dauphiné law. Brazil law. Japan law. Others for beta-quartz... |
| Thermal Behaviour | Transforms to beta-quartz at 573° C and 1 bar (100 kPa) pressure. |
| shortcode_ima | Qz |
Details
Price: € 15
Dimensions: Not registered
Weight: 304 g
Visibile in overview:
Notes:
| Symbol | Element | |
|---|---|---|
| Al | Aluminium | |
| Ca | Calcium | |
| H | Hydrogen | |
| Na | Sodium | |
| O | Oxygen | |
| Si | Silicium |